日本在中法战争时期的动向

作者: 郭文婷 日期:2011.01.01 点击数:30

【外文题名】Japan’s Action and Intention Around the Sino-french War

【作者】 郭文婷

【关键词】 日本 中日关系 中法战争 日法联合 甲申政变 甲午战争

【外文关键词】 Japan Sino Japanese relations The Sino French war Japan France combining The Korea Gapsin Coup The Sino Japanese War

【导师姓名】雷国山

【学位名称】硕士

【学位年度】2011

【学位授予单位】南京大学

【分类号】K313.4

【录入时间】2011-01-01

【全文挂接】

【摘要】使清政府分散注意力,进而对中法战争以及中日关系产生了一定影响。关于中法战争的先行研究大多是闱绕战争的参与国即中国、法国、越南而进行的,只有极少数学者提及其他资本主义国家(尤其是日本)在这场战争中的作用。本文在先行研究的基础上,利用新发掘的史料,对中法战争时期日本的行动与意图进行了分析,并进一步考察了中法战争与日本的关系,及其对近代中日关系的影响。论文按照时间顺序,分为三章展开论述。第一章主要论述了中法战争之前的中日关系。随着西方列强侵略的加剧,中日两国都受到了极大的冲击,清朝在鸦片战争以后渐渐沦为半殖民地,而日本通过明治维新后的改革-步步崛起,并开始向外扩张,期间一再染指清朝属地。第二章分析了中法战争中日本的行动与意图。第一节主要叙述了战争的背景与过程:第节通过分析“清日关系不稳说·日法联合说”,考察了日本对这场战争的反应;第三节论述了甲中事件的背景、过程以及《天津条约》的影响,分析甲申事变与中法战争之间的关系;第四节考察了战争期间日本关注台湾的情况。第三章主要论述了中法战争后日本的动向及其对中日关系的影响。通过分析中法战争后日本的舆论反应以及19世纪80年代后期的东亚的国际形势,考察了日本对朝扩张的政治意图:论述了日本的军事扩张过程及其背后意图。最后总结了中法战争与日本的关系,并从广义上探讨了中法战争的影响。通过论述,可以明确以下三点。首先,日本利用清朝忙于中法战争、在朝势力有所削弱这一点,策划并煽动了甲申事变;事变后,日本认清了清政府担心受到日法夹击而必有所退让这一点,着手于甲申事变的处理。因此,可以说中法战争给日本发展在朝势力、排挤清朝提供了一个良好的契机,进而对以后的中日关系产生了重大的影响。其次,甲申事变的发生也对中法战争产生了一定的影响。清政府在取得镇南关大捷之后急于向法国“乘胜议和”,也是因为受到日本可能参战的潜在威胁。另外,中法战争结束后,清法双方签订了《中法新约》。清朝外交上的失败,即失去了越南的宗主权,刺激了日本争夺朝鲜的欲望。然而清朝军事上的胜利却使日本认识到了加强军备的重要性,为了实现其独占朝鲜的野心,日本进一步加快了军备扩张的步伐。19世纪中后期是中日关系开始转变的过渡期,本文即以这段时期的清日关系为背景,主要分析了中法战争中日本的行动与意图及其对清日关系的影响,并论述了战争以后日本为争夺朝鲜而做的舆论、军事等准备。十年后,日本终于发动了甲午战争。

【外文摘要】The Sino-French War (1883-1885) was a conflict fought between China and France for the sovereignty of Vietnam. Japan had not involved in the war on the surface, but been kept close contact with France in this period. Japan helped France a lot secretly. The rumors about "Sino-Japanese relations unstable" and "Japan-France combining" were spread widely. So Qing had to beware of the attack from Japan at the same time. In 1884, Japan hatched "the Korea Gapsin Coup" which forced Qing to distract attention from the Sino-French war. It has some effects on the Sino-French war and the Sino-Japanese relations.Most of prior studies about the Sino-French war are concernd with Qing, France and Vietnam that are involved in the war. There are only few studies which mention the effect of other counties (especially Japan) in the war. Based on the prior studies and new-discovered historical materials, this paper analysed Japan’s action and intention in the period of Sino-French war, and discussed the relations between Japan and Sino-French war.This paper is divided into three chapters. In chapter 1, the author discussed the Sino-Japanese relations before the Sino-French war. As the aggression of western powers was intensified, both Qing and Japan were impacted strongly. After First Opium War, Qing became semi-colony gradually. However, Japan rose step by step through the Meiji Restoration. Japan started to expand abroad and invade Qing and Korea repeatedly.In chapter 2, the author mainly analysed Japan’s action and intention in the period of Sino-French war. Firstly, the background and process of Sino-French war are acounted. Secondly, Japan’s reaction to the war is discussed through the rumors of "Sino-Japanese relations unstable" and "Japan-France combining". Thirdly, the author discussed the background and process of "the Korea Gapsin Coup" and the effect of "the Tianjin Treaty", analysed the relation between "the Tianjin Treaty" and Sino-French war. Fourthly, Japan had given attention to Taiwan in the period of Sino-French war.In chapter 3, the author discussed Japan’s action and intention after the Sino-French war. Through analysing public opinions and the international situation of East Asia after the Sino-French war, Japan’s expansion intention is exposed clearly. Japan started to committed to the military expansion.In the end, the relationship between Sino-French war and Japan is summarized, and also the influences of Sino-French war are discussed on a generalized view.Three points could be figured out via the discussion. Firstly, Japan plot and instigated the Korea Gapsin Coup based on that Qing was busy with Sino-French war; after that coup, Japan got it clearly that Qing would definitely climb-down, because its worry about being converging attacked by both France and Japan, and so Japan started to deal with the Korea Gapsin Coup. So, Sino-French war provides a nice chance to Japan for the buildup of its power and elbow out Qing in Korea, and that thus has an important influence on the future Sino-Japanese relations. Secondly, the happening of the Korea Gapsin Coup also has a certain extent influence on Sino-French war. The latent intimidation that Japan could join the war possibly could be one of the reasons why Qing was anxious to propose "make peace under the cover of victory" to France, after it got the Zhennanguan great victory. Besides, Qing and France signed the "Sino-France New Convention" after Sino-French war. The lost of Qing on diplomatism, which just is the lost of suzerainty of Viet Nam, arose Japan’s appetency on scrabble for Korea. But the victory on military affairs of Qing made Japan be aware of the importance of enhancing armament, to achieve the ambition of monopolizing Korea; Japan expedited its steps of armament buildup.Mid of 19 century is the metaphase when China-Japan Relations started to change, and based on Sino-Japanese relations in this era, this article analysed mainly Japan’s actions in Sino-French war and the influences on Sino-Japanese relations, and also discussed the preparation, on such as the consensus and military affairs, made by Japan to scrabble for Korea after the war. Ten years later, Japan started the war to Qing, and the Sino-Japanese relations changed definitively.

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